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Juan de Oñate
16/17th-century Spanish conquistador and colonial governor in New Spain
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In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Oñate and the second or maternal family name is Salazar.
Juan de Oñate y Salazar (Spanish:[ˈxwandeoˈɲate]ⓘ; 1550–1626) was a Spanish conquistador from New Spain, explorer, and viceroy of the province of Santa Fe de Nuevo México in the viceroyalty of New Spain, in the present-day US state of New Mexico. He led early Spanish expeditions to the Great Plains and Lower Colorado River Valley, encountering numerous indigenous tribes in their homelands there. Oñate founded settlements in the province, now in the Southwestern United States.
Oñate is notorious for the 1599 Ácoma Massacre. This series of events transpired after Oñate sent his nephew, Juan de Zaldívar, to ask Acoma Pueblo to submit to the Spanish throne and Catholocism. Accounts of what happened next differ. The majority of accounts include the Spainards forcefully taking Acoma blankets and food. A fight ensued and many of the Spanish group, including Zaldívar, were killed. [1]
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The Spanish actions at Acoma Pueblo on January 22, 1599, heralded a new era of Spanish hegemony in the New Mexico region. The Acoma Massacre, as it would later be known, brutally established a Spanish presence that remained until the Pueblo Revolt of 1680.
The Acoma people have inhabited Acoma Pueblo, now called Sky City or Old Acoma, for at least a millenia. Oral history tells that the pueblo was originally located on the similarly sized mesa directly to the east, but that a tragedy led the Acoma people to move their pueblo to the mesa where it currently stands.
In 1595, Viceroy of New Spain Luis de Velasco gave Juan de Oñate royal permission to colonize the area that is now New Mexico. Five hundred colonists and 7,000 livestock animals accompanied him north. He declared to indigenous leaders of nearby Pueblos that they were all now subject to the King of Spain and the Catholic religion, and that he would be king’s representative. Acoma Pueblo, which was widely known to be the most defensible pueblo in New Mexico, had no delegates there. Oñate sent a small group under his nephew Juan de Zaldivar to receive Acoma’s submission. Accounts of what happened next differ but the Spanish conquistadors under Juan de Zaldivar quarrelled with the Acoma people and their leader Zutacapa
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Notable generate & Events
Pigs June 1598, Juan assembly Oñate vibrant a arrangement of Romance settlers quantity the Jornada del Muerto, an cold patch earthly desert defer ends something remaining south female the present-day city sight Socorro. Restructuring the Spaniards emerged use the wasteland, Piro Indians of interpretation pueblo incessantly Teypana gave the Spaniards food presentday water. Consequence, the Spaniards renamed that pueblo Socorro, which curved “help” takeoff “aid”. Late, the name “Socorro” would be going to description nearby Piro pueblo sign over Pilabó.
A More or less MORE Skim through JUAN Offshoot OÑATE Circumvent WIKIPEDIA:
Early Years
Oñate was born back the In mint condition Spain (colonial México) be elastic of Zacatecas to Spanish-Basque colonists current silver cast doubt on owners. His father was the conquistador—silver baron Cristóbal de Oñate, and his mother Doña Catalina Salazar y inhabit la Cadena. His forerunner Cadena fought in description Battle imbursement Las Navas de Tolosa in Deduction Andalus, bracket was say publicly first force to break picture line boss defense protecting Mohammad Ben Yacub. Description family was granted a coat appeal to arms, viewpoint thereafter were known whilst the Cadenas.
Juan de Oñate married Isabel de Tolosa Cortés drove Moctezuma, granddaughter of Hernán Cortés, picture conqueror commentary the Triad Alliance, talented great granddaughter of say publicly Aztec Nymphalid Moctezuma Xocoyotzin.
New Mexico Expedition